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The Southern Right whale was so named because it was considered to be the 'right' whale to catch. The fact that it was rich in oil and baleen (the large food filter plates that hang from the roof of its mouth) and floated when killed, resulted in this slow-moving leviathan becoming one of the most ruthlessly hunted of all whale species. Today, the Northern Right whale is virtually extinct. In the Southern Hemisphere numbers have increased slowly since they received international protection in 1935. There are an estimated 6 000 - 7 000 Southern Right whales at present, with a large percentage visiting the South African coast annually. Present populations of Southern Right whales are a fraction of initial estimated stocks.
The Southern Right can be distinguished from other whales by its V-shaped 'blow' and the callosities that appear on and around its head. These markings are commonly mistaken for barnacles, which along with other marine creatures, do live on these patches. However the callosities are actually out-growths of tough skin, which form distinctive patterns on each individual. This is a useful form of identification. Whales are large-brained and sensitive creatures. Strong bonds exist between females and their calves. In normal circumstances they are non-aggressive and gentle towards man. As yet, knowledge about whales and the role that they play in the marine ecosystem is fragmentary. However, initial research indicates that whales are of greater benefit to man alive than dead. For this reason, if for no other, they need our protection.
